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Erythema infectiosum



NHS Choices Syndication

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Erythema infectiosum

Causes of slapped cheek syndrome

Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by parvovirus B19. A parvovirus B19 infection is spread in the same way as a cold or flu.

It can be spread inside infected droplets of saliva that can be:

  • inhaled in by other people when you cough or sneeze
  • left on surfaces which other people can touch and then transfer into the body by touching their mouth or nose

A child is no longer contagious once the distinctive red rash appears.

Humans are not born with immunity to parvovirus B19, which is why most cases occur in children. Once infected, a person usually develops a lifelong immunity to further infection.

Children old enough to attend nursery or school are most at risk of infection because of their close proximity to lots of other children. It’s also common for older children to pass the infection along to younger brothers and sisters.

Adults who haven’t previously had the infection are most at risk if they work with children, including teachers and nursery workers.

How the virus affects the body

Once parvovirus B19 enters the body, it targets cells called erythroid progenitor cells which are found in bone marrow and blood. It is the fact that the parvovirus B19 infection targets blood and bone marrow that makes it a particularly serious infection for people with blood and bone marrow disorders.

Most of the symptoms of a parvovirus B19 infection, such as the red rash, are not caused by the virus itself but by the immune system releasing antibodies to kill the virus.

Published Date
2014-01-30 10:11:49Z
Last Review Date
2014-01-29 00:00:00Z
Next Review Date
2016-01-29 00:00:00Z
Classification
Slapped cheek syndrome


NHS Choices Syndication

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Erythema infectiosum

Complications of slapped cheek syndrome

In the majority of cases, slapped cheek syndrome does not lead to complications. However, sometimes complications can arise due to an already existing condition, such as those outlined below.

Pregnancy

If you develop a parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy, and you do not have immunity, there is a one-in-three chance that you will pass the infection onto your unborn baby.

There is then a risk that your baby will develop severe anaemia. This can cause heart failure and an abnormal collection of fluid inside the baby’s tissues of your baby (hydrops fetalis) which can sometimes result in a miscarriage.

Due to this risk, it is likely that you will be given regular ultrasound scans so that the health of your baby can be carefully assessed. If your baby does show signs of severe anaemia, they may be treated with a blood transfusion.

The risk of miscarriage is highest in the first 20 weeks of your pregnancy, at around one in 10. After 20 weeks, the risk reduces significantly, but in rare cases has been known to cause miscarriage or stillbirth. It is rare for miscarriage to occur during the first trimester.

If you believe you have come into contact with the virus during pregnancy, speak to your doctor immediately.

Blood abnormalities

If you have sickle cell anaemiathalassaemia or other blood abnormalities, parvovirus B19 can cause severe anaemia. 

This is known as an “aplastic crisis”, and symptoms include:

  • very pale skin
  • feeling very tired
  • headache
  • high temperature (fever) of 38C (100F) or above
  • rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)
  • dizziness
  • fainting

If you experience an aplastic crisis, it is likely that you will need to be admitted to hospital and given a blood transfusion. After having a blood transfusion, most people will make a full recovery.

Weakened immune system

If a person with a weakened immune system (immunocompromised) develops a parvovirus B19 infection, the virus can quickly spread through their bone marrow and interfere with the production of red blood cells. This can cause symptoms of severe anaemia, a high temperature and a sense of feeling very unwell.

A blood transfusion can be used to treat anaemia. Antibodies that have been donated by someone who is immune to parvovirus B19 can be used to treat the underlying infection.

Published Date
2014-06-06 13:05:56Z
Last Review Date
2014-01-29 00:00:00Z
Next Review Date
2016-01-29 00:00:00Z
Classification
Anaemia,Blood,Immune system,Slapped cheek syndrome

Slapped cheek syndrome – NHS Choices

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Slapped cheek syndrome 

Introduction 

Slapped cheek syndrome

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Slapped cheek syndrome is a viral infection and the fifth most common disease in children. Here, a GP talks about the symptoms to look out for.

Media last reviewed: 02/10/2013

Next review due: 02/10/2015

Advice for pregnant women

A pregnant woman should avoid contact with any infected child. However, in practice this can be difficult as a child can be most contagious before their symptoms begin.

So there isn’t much you can do to prevent yourself from getting the infection. But if you have been in close contact with a child who then goes on to develop slapped cheek syndrome, contact your GP for advice.

Read more about slapped cheek syndrome and other infections in pregnancy that may affect your baby.

Infectious illnesses in children

Symptoms to look out for if you’re concerned your child may have an infectious illness

Slapped cheek syndrome (also known as “fifth disease” or erythema infectiosum) is a type of viral infection that is most common in children, although it can affect anyone of any age. 

Slapped cheek syndrome usually affects children aged between six and 10 years. Most cases develop during the late winter months or early spring.

In children, the most common symptom is the appearance of a distinctive bright red rash on the cheeks. This is how the condition got its name.

Although many symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome are similar to other conditions, most cases can be diagnosed by examining the rash. Usually, no further testing is necessary in children.

Read more information about the symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome.

What treatment will my child need?

Most children will not need treatment as slapped cheek syndrome is usually a very mild condition that passes in a few days. Occasionally it can last up to four or five weeks.

There is no specific antiviral therapy available for slapped cheek syndrome.

Symptoms such as headaches, high temperature or itchy skin can usually be treated with over-the-counter medications such as paracetamol and antihistamines.

Adults, especially women, who frequently develop joint pain with or without a skin rash, can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as painkillers.

You will probably only need to contact your GP if one or both of the following occurs:

  • your (or your child’s) temperature rises to 39C or above
  • your (or your child’s) symptoms suddenly worsen

Read more about treating slapped cheek syndrome.

What are the causes of slapped cheek syndrome?

Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. Parvovirus B19 is an airborne virus spread in much the same way as the cold or flu viruses. It can be spread through coughs and sneezes that release tiny droplets of contaminated saliva which are then breathed in by another person.

It’s very difficult to prevent the spread of the virus as people are most contagious before their symptoms begin, so they are unaware they are infected.

Once you’ve been infected you should develop a lifelong immunity and not experience any further symptoms.

Read more about the causes of slapped cheek syndrome.

Complications

There are three high-risk groups in which the parvovirus B19 can cause a much more serious infection and trigger a range of complications. These are listed below.

  • People with certain blood disorders, such as sickle cell anaemia or thalassaemia. This is where the blood doesn’t contain enough healthy red blood cells (anaemia) and infection can lead to a further and more severe loss of red blood cells.
  • Pregnant women without immunity. Parvovirus B19 infection can increase the risk of a miscarriage because the virus can cause severe anaemia in the unborn child. The overall risk of miscarriage after infection during pregnancy is thought to be less than 5%.
  • People with a weakened immune system (immunocompromised), either due to a side effect of treatment, such as chemotherapy, or from a condition such as HIV. These groups can experience prolonged, and sometime severe, symptoms of infection.
  • Older children and adults who develop slapped cheek syndrome may experience persistent joint pain once the skin rash disappears.

If you’re in one of these high-risk groups and you have been in close contact with someone who goes on to develop slapped cheek syndrome, contact your GP for advice.

blood test may be recommended to see if you are immune to the infection. If you are not immune, treatment can begin immediately to prevent complications.

You may need to be admitted to hospital and in some cases, a blood transfusion is necessary.

In rare cases, being infected with parvovirus B19 can lead to meningitis developing.

Read more about the complications of slapped cheek syndrome.

Prevention

At present there is no vaccination available to prevent slapped cheek syndrome. People who have already been infected with parvovirus B19 in the past are immune to another infection.

To prevent the spread of slapped cheek syndrome try to ensure that everyone in your household washes their hands frequently to reduce the chances of the infection spreading.

Page last reviewed: 29/01/2014

Next review due: 29/01/2016

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Comments

The 15 comments posted are personal views. Any information they give has not been checked and may not be accurate.

mumofthree2 said on 05 December 2013

I am mumofthree ( new email) and I want to clarify a few points, that I may not have made clear below.
I wrote on this site to raise awareness not to scare pregnant women.
– I was unaware of this virus and my school failed to inform me of its presence in school, which they are obliged to do so
– I am not suggesting that children who have symptoms stay off school, as this would not help given the nature of this virus.
-My consultant told me, that had I been informed of the presence in school, given the risk, I could have chosen to stay away from school, until I was tested for immunity.
-My GP told me that screening is not routinely carried out because of cost and the small relative risk to the unborn child.
– My union advised me that I could only raise awareness if I put a complaint in against the school. I did not want to blame just prevent other people from experiencing the same pain
-If you are pregnant and are not already immune to this virus, your baby has a small chance of dying. Rare but all my previous comments are facts.
– If I had known of the presence of the virus in school, I could have made informed choices of whether to stay off school, be tested for immunity, self diagnose my own symptoms (as a doctor didn’t twice) and my baby could have had the medical care needed to keep her alive.
Knowledge is power and maybe if more people share their own experiences of this virus, babies lives could be saved. Sometimes the people with the power don’t want us little people to know the facts. It would cost too much and keep people off work! Sad but true.
-Probabilities are on your side, you are probably immune
– I am/was an experienced teacher who was not immune so obviously did not have a super immunity but appreciate that other teachers/teaching assistants/professionals may have

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Francesca g said on 12 June 2013

I am an adult and I am very I’ll due to slap cheek I caught it of my three children as it spread through there school ,I have now had it for 4 months and my immune system is very low the only thing I can take is strong painkillers so I can sleep through the night I have no energy and try to cope through the day as I am the mother you have to get on with it as it is a virus I have to wait until it leaves my body which could be ages kids recover fine the only thing I have is asthma so don’t know how I ended up with a severe case

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Sheiladonegal said on 19 May 2013

I am a primary school teacher and have been off school for a few weeks because there is slapped cheek going around. I had the blood test done and was told that it came back negative meaning I was immune. This information was provided by a nurse over the phone. I actually phoned twice to double check result before I returned to school on Thursday. My husband told me to get the result in writing just to be certain and I collected it after school on Friday. However, when I read it, it said I was susceptible to ervyovirus b19. Underneath it said negative to parvovirus b19 igg level and igm level. I googled ervyovirus b19 and discovered this is another name for parvovirus! I immediately phoned the surgery and spoke to a doctor who said I was not immune to parvovirus b19. I was terribly upset as I only returned to work because I had been assured I was immune. The negative results meant I didn’t currently have it and I didn’t have any antibodies in my system for immunity. I now have to go and get a blood test in 4 wks to check if I picked it up in the 2 days I went back to work. I’m also stressing now about going back at all! With no immunity I’m terrified of contracting this (my first baby so anxious anyway). How am I meant to know if slapped cheek no longer in school, as I’m relying on parents to inform principal. Also some children aren’t v unwell but still may have this in school. I rally don’t want to go back but don’t know if I’m covered to remain absent. Any suggestions welcome!!

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Cheery Mummy said on 09 May 2013

This condition was not mild for my 4 month old baby. His temperature kept reaching up to 39.5C over 6 days every 4 hrs. We had to call an ambulance 3 times and the hospital had to give medicine stronger than panadol to bring down the fever. It was scary.

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misszj said on 09 May 2013

my little boy was sent home yesterday from nursery with an suspicious rash, I was asked to have it checked out before bringing him back in as like any other school there is all sorts going around chicken pox etc… . so I went to my local walk in clinic to be told he had ‘slap cheek’ which until now iv never heard of. the doctor told me to allow him to have calpol if he had a temperature and to make sure he had plenty of fluids but not to keep him off school as that’s where he most likely caught it from. I understand the concerns of other people on this page but after reading up on a few different sites its contagious even before the redness/rash appears on the face so you don’t even realise you have it. I personally shall be keeping him off school for a few days to keep my eye on him but some people who take a doctors word and don’t judge a situation for themselves then that child would be sent in. also the school is at fault as if that child is to be found to have something contagious then the school should have a policy in place of what illness’s children are/ are not allowed in school with and for how long.

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Mungojerry said on 07 May 2013

The schools my children have been attending over the past ten years have always posted information notices when a case of slapped cheek was present at school. It seems like good practice. I too had never heard of it before having my own kids. Keeping the affected kids off school of course does not stop the spread or reduce the risk to others due to the earlier infective period. My youngest has now probably got the disease (hence being on this page) and she will be kept off until afebrile – but only for her good rather than to reduce spread. I agree that schools have a duty to inform. The NHS could develop public health to take a greater part in just-in-time education but in a recession when public services cuts are so harsh it is difficult to see that there will be any funding for expanding this area. This website is one of the great ways the public can get the information they need.

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jlt23 said on 17 March 2013

I have read the comments and feel that I have to tell you of my experience of slapped cheek. Especially noting ‘Themanwhoknows’ comments.
I have just returned from a week in hospital with my twins. They have a blood disorder that reacts to parvovirus. My daughter was given 20 minutes after being taken to hospital, my son luckily was caught early enough. Both had life saving transfusions.
Schools need to be aware that there are blood conditions which if are in contact with this virus, are life threatening.
If your child has slapped cheek please keep them at home until well. I almost lost my twins last week.
Perspective?

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susieu said on 09 March 2013

I was exposed to slapped cheek when I was 19-22 weeks pregnant by a friend’s little boy. I got a blood test and called the receptionist to find out results after 5 days- she said the results came back ‘normal- no further follow up’.
Does anyone know what ‘normal’ means? does this mean the blood test detected immunity? (I asked but she didn’t know and I can’t get an appointment with a doctor for another week!)
If it’s no further follow up because they think I’m over 20 weeks (I’m 23 wks now), then I still want it to be followed up if I’m not immune!
Has anyone else had this blood test and knows what normal means please???
It’s a 50% chance of being immune so either way could be classed as ‘normal’ really lol…I’m trying to stay on the bright side and think abnormal would mean something bad so this must be good right??

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Themanwhoknows said on 19 January 2013

My wife is a pregnant school teacher. One of her pupils contracted slap cheek. We read the below and panicked. The experiences outlined here are truly awful and I am truly sorry to the people effected. However to bring some perspective;
1) the vast majority of adults have immunity already.
2) Teachers have super immune systems due to coping with the vast array of childhood illness brought into the classroom daily.
3) Even if a pupil has slap cheek you are not automatically get it yourself.
4) If you are very unfortunate to contract it your immune system is highly capable of protecting your unborn baby.
5) Even in the unlikely event that it is passed to the baby only in very rare cases does it cause serious complications to the baby.
For peace of mind, you can if you like, go for a blood test, we did. Three anxious days later my wife was found to have the necessary antibodies and all is well. So please keep things in perspective, don’t stress your baby unduly, the odds are stacked at everything being perfectly alright.

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PatiAnthony said on 25 November 2011

This seems to be quite a common virus, and our second son has now caught it going on the diagnosis. He did not, however, have a high temperature, and has had vomiting post the red-cheek phase. I am wondering if this is common?

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emma o said on 25 June 2011

hi i had parvovirous in pregnancy at 20 wks i had scans every wk and at 39 wks had a emergancy c section due to lack of movements. my daughter has had problems since and altho she is nearly 3 yrs old she is not walking and she has abtomalaties on right side of her brain and now has epalepsy sorry cant spell. so shes now on anti fittness drugs for life. even tho shes behind and cant walk i wouldnt change her for anything she is the most lovely gorgeous little girl.

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Megzo said on 26 January 2011

I am a secondary school teacher. Yesterday, I got a call from my headmaster to let me know that one of my pupils caught a virus which is harmful for pregnant women: Parvovirus.The pupil normally sits in front of me and I worked with her the day before the phone call. I was advised to contact my GP, which I did. I am going to be tested tomorrow. I hope that the stats will be on my side. I am 9 weeks pregnant and this is my first baby… I was told not to worry about it, everything will be fine. But, how is this possible? Of course, I am worried !!!

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Mam of Three said on 21 January 2011

I agree with yellowjewel999. My baby died at 19 weeks and 4 days because I caught this virus as a school teacher. I felt unwell at 16 weeks, went to the doctors twice, to be told I had ‘a virus’. My school had confirmed cases, knew the risks, yet I was not told about them-they were not in my class! I feel let down that this virus is played down by health professionals. In 7 years of teaching I hadn’t heard of it! It is a known risk and a common virus! 3-10% of pregnancies, under 20 weeks can die! Please raise awareness, if you know anyone who is pregnant, please inform of the dangers and get test to check immunity. My perfect baby girl died.

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yellowjewel999 said on 03 January 2011

Why aren’t pregnant women routinely told about this???!!! There is no mention of it in my pregnancy book, my antenatal notes or blood test records and my midwives have never mentioned it to me. Nobody I know has ever even heard of this illness because nobody is ever informed of it! Something is clearly amiss in NHS practice and in public health policy!

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chrisandpam said on 15 December 2010

Very clear explanation of a virus I had never previously heard of until my grand-daughter was diagnosed

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Erythema infectiosum

Introduction

Slapped cheek syndrome (also known as “fifth disease” or erythema infectiosum) is a type of viral infection that is most common in children, although it can affect anyone of any age. 

Slapped cheek syndrome usually affects children aged between six and 10 years. Most cases develop during the late winter months or early spring.

In children, the most common symptom is the appearance of a distinctive bright red rash on the cheeks. This is how the condition got its name.

Although many symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome are similar to other conditions, most cases can be diagnosed by examining the rash. Usually, no further testing is necessary in children.

Read more information about the symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome.

What treatment will my child need?

Most children will not need treatment as slapped cheek syndrome is usually a very mild condition that passes in a few days. Occasionally it can last up to four or five weeks.

There is no specific antiviral therapy available for slapped cheek syndrome.

Symptoms such as headaches, high temperature or itchy skin can usually be treated with over-the-counter medications such as paracetamol and antihistamines.

Adults, especially women, who frequently develop joint pain with or without a skin rash, can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as painkillers.

You will probably only need to contact your GP if one or both of the following occurs:

  • your (or your child’s) temperature rises to 39C or above
  • your (or your child’s) symptoms suddenly worsen

Read more about treating slapped cheek syndrome.

What are the causes of slapped cheek syndrome?

Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. Parvovirus B19 is an airborne virus spread in much the same way as the cold or flu viruses. It can be spread through coughs and sneezes that release tiny droplets of contaminated saliva which are then breathed in by another person.

It’s very difficult to prevent the spread of the virus as people are most contagious before their symptoms begin, so they are unaware they are infected.

Once you’ve been infected you should develop a lifelong immunity and not experience any further symptoms.

Read more about the causes of slapped cheek syndrome.

Complications

There are three high-risk groups in which the parvovirus B19 can cause a much more serious infection and trigger a range of complications. These are listed below.

  • People with certain blood disorders, such as sickle cell anaemia or thalassaemia. This is where the blood doesn’t contain enough healthy red blood cells (anaemia) and infection can lead to a further and more severe loss of red blood cells.
  • Pregnant women without immunity. Parvovirus B19 infection can increase the risk of a miscarriage because the virus can cause severe anaemia in the unborn child. The overall risk of miscarriage after infection during pregnancy is thought to be less than 5%.
  • People with a weakened immune system (immunocompromised), either due to a side effect of treatment, such as chemotherapy, or from a condition such as HIV. These groups can experience prolonged, and sometime severe, symptoms of infection.
  • Older children and adults who develop slapped cheek syndrome may experience persistent joint pain once the skin rash disappears.

If you’re in one of these high-risk groups and you have been in close contact with someone who goes on to develop slapped cheek syndrome, contact your GP for advice.

blood test may be recommended to see if you are immune to the infection. If you are not immune, treatment can begin immediately to prevent complications.

You may need to be admitted to hospital and in some cases, a blood transfusion is necessary.

In rare cases, being infected with parvovirus B19 can lead to meningitis developing.

Read more about the complications of slapped cheek syndrome.

Prevention

At present there is no vaccination available to prevent slapped cheek syndrome. People who have already been infected with parvovirus B19 in the past are immune to another infection.

To prevent the spread of slapped cheek syndrome try to ensure that everyone in your household washes their hands frequently to reduce the chances of the infection spreading.

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Published Date
2014-09-12 14:02:53Z
Last Review Date
2014-01-29 00:00:00Z
Next Review Date
2016-01-29 00:00:00Z
Classification
Blood,Fever,Immune system,Slapped cheek syndrome,Spring

Slapped cheek syndrome – NHS Choices

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Slapped cheek syndrome 

Introduction 

Slapped cheek syndrome

//

<!–

Viewing video content in NHS Choices

If you do not have a version of the Flash Player you can download the free Adobe Flash Player from Adobe Systems Incorporated.

<!–

Slapped cheek syndrome is a viral infection and the fifth most common disease in children. Here, a GP talks about the symptoms to look out for.

Media last reviewed: 02/10/2013

Next review due: 02/10/2015

Advice for pregnant women

A pregnant woman should avoid contact with any infected child. However, in practice this can be difficult as a child can be most contagious before their symptoms begin.

So there isn’t much you can do to prevent yourself from getting the infection. But if you have been in close contact with a child who then goes on to develop slapped cheek syndrome, contact your GP for advice.

Read more about slapped cheek syndrome and other infections in pregnancy that may affect your baby.

Infectious illnesses in children

Symptoms to look out for if you’re concerned your child may have an infectious illness

Slapped cheek syndrome (also known as “fifth disease” or erythema infectiosum) is a type of viral infection that is most common in children, although it can affect anyone of any age. 

Slapped cheek syndrome usually affects children aged between six and 10 years. Most cases develop during the late winter months or early spring.

In children, the most common symptom is the appearance of a distinctive bright red rash on the cheeks. This is how the condition got its name.

Although many symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome are similar to other conditions, most cases can be diagnosed by examining the rash. Usually, no further testing is necessary in children.

Read more information about the symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome.

What treatment will my child need?

Most children will not need treatment as slapped cheek syndrome is usually a very mild condition that passes in a few days. Occasionally it can last up to four or five weeks.

There is no specific antiviral therapy available for slapped cheek syndrome.

Symptoms such as headaches, high temperature or itchy skin can usually be treated with over-the-counter medications such as paracetamol and antihistamines.

Adults, especially women, who frequently develop joint pain with or without a skin rash, can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as painkillers.

You will probably only need to contact your GP if one or both of the following occurs:

  • your (or your child’s) temperature rises to 39C or above
  • your (or your child’s) symptoms suddenly worsen

Read more about treating slapped cheek syndrome.

What are the causes of slapped cheek syndrome?

Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. Parvovirus B19 is an airborne virus spread in much the same way as the cold or flu viruses. It can be spread through coughs and sneezes that release tiny droplets of contaminated saliva which are then breathed in by another person.

It’s very difficult to prevent the spread of the virus as people are most contagious before their symptoms begin, so they are unaware they are infected.

Once you’ve been infected you should develop a lifelong immunity and not experience any further symptoms.

Read more about the causes of slapped cheek syndrome.

Complications

There are three high-risk groups in which the parvovirus B19 can cause a much more serious infection and trigger a range of complications. These are listed below.

  • People with certain blood disorders, such as sickle cell anaemia or thalassaemia. This is where the blood doesn’t contain enough healthy red blood cells (anaemia) and infection can lead to a further and more severe loss of red blood cells.
  • Pregnant women without immunity. Parvovirus B19 infection can increase the risk of a miscarriage because the virus can cause severe anaemia in the unborn child. The overall risk of miscarriage after infection during pregnancy is thought to be less than 5%.
  • People with a weakened immune system (immunocompromised), either due to a side effect of treatment, such as chemotherapy, or from a condition such as HIV. These groups can experience prolonged, and sometime severe, symptoms of infection.
  • Older children and adults who develop slapped cheek syndrome may experience persistent joint pain once the skin rash disappears.

If you’re in one of these high-risk groups and you have been in close contact with someone who goes on to develop slapped cheek syndrome, contact your GP for advice.

blood test may be recommended to see if you are immune to the infection. If you are not immune, treatment can begin immediately to prevent complications.

You may need to be admitted to hospital and in some cases, a blood transfusion is necessary.

In rare cases, being infected with parvovirus B19 can lead to meningitis developing.

Read more about the complications of slapped cheek syndrome.

Prevention

At present there is no vaccination available to prevent slapped cheek syndrome. People who have already been infected with parvovirus B19 in the past are immune to another infection.

To prevent the spread of slapped cheek syndrome try to ensure that everyone in your household washes their hands frequently to reduce the chances of the infection spreading.

Page last reviewed: 29/01/2014

Next review due: 29/01/2016

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Comments

The 15 comments posted are personal views. Any information they give has not been checked and may not be accurate.

mumofthree2 said on 05 December 2013

I am mumofthree ( new email) and I want to clarify a few points, that I may not have made clear below.
I wrote on this site to raise awareness not to scare pregnant women.
– I was unaware of this virus and my school failed to inform me of its presence in school, which they are obliged to do so
– I am not suggesting that children who have symptoms stay off school, as this would not help given the nature of this virus.
-My consultant told me, that had I been informed of the presence in school, given the risk, I could have chosen to stay away from school, until I was tested for immunity.
-My GP told me that screening is not routinely carried out because of cost and the small relative risk to the unborn child.
– My union advised me that I could only raise awareness if I put a complaint in against the school. I did not want to blame just prevent other people from experiencing the same pain
-If you are pregnant and are not already immune to this virus, your baby has a small chance of dying. Rare but all my previous comments are facts.
– If I had known of the presence of the virus in school, I could have made informed choices of whether to stay off school, be tested for immunity, self diagnose my own symptoms (as a doctor didn’t twice) and my baby could have had the medical care needed to keep her alive.
Knowledge is power and maybe if more people share their own experiences of this virus, babies lives could be saved. Sometimes the people with the power don’t want us little people to know the facts. It would cost too much and keep people off work! Sad but true.
-Probabilities are on your side, you are probably immune
– I am/was an experienced teacher who was not immune so obviously did not have a super immunity but appreciate that other teachers/teaching assistants/professionals may have

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Francesca g said on 12 June 2013

I am an adult and I am very I’ll due to slap cheek I caught it of my three children as it spread through there school ,I have now had it for 4 months and my immune system is very low the only thing I can take is strong painkillers so I can sleep through the night I have no energy and try to cope through the day as I am the mother you have to get on with it as it is a virus I have to wait until it leaves my body which could be ages kids recover fine the only thing I have is asthma so don’t know how I ended up with a severe case

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Sheiladonegal said on 19 May 2013

I am a primary school teacher and have been off school for a few weeks because there is slapped cheek going around. I had the blood test done and was told that it came back negative meaning I was immune. This information was provided by a nurse over the phone. I actually phoned twice to double check result before I returned to school on Thursday. My husband told me to get the result in writing just to be certain and I collected it after school on Friday. However, when I read it, it said I was susceptible to ervyovirus b19. Underneath it said negative to parvovirus b19 igg level and igm level. I googled ervyovirus b19 and discovered this is another name for parvovirus! I immediately phoned the surgery and spoke to a doctor who said I was not immune to parvovirus b19. I was terribly upset as I only returned to work because I had been assured I was immune. The negative results meant I didn’t currently have it and I didn’t have any antibodies in my system for immunity. I now have to go and get a blood test in 4 wks to check if I picked it up in the 2 days I went back to work. I’m also stressing now about going back at all! With no immunity I’m terrified of contracting this (my first baby so anxious anyway). How am I meant to know if slapped cheek no longer in school, as I’m relying on parents to inform principal. Also some children aren’t v unwell but still may have this in school. I rally don’t want to go back but don’t know if I’m covered to remain absent. Any suggestions welcome!!

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Cheery Mummy said on 09 May 2013

This condition was not mild for my 4 month old baby. His temperature kept reaching up to 39.5C over 6 days every 4 hrs. We had to call an ambulance 3 times and the hospital had to give medicine stronger than panadol to bring down the fever. It was scary.

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misszj said on 09 May 2013

my little boy was sent home yesterday from nursery with an suspicious rash, I was asked to have it checked out before bringing him back in as like any other school there is all sorts going around chicken pox etc… . so I went to my local walk in clinic to be told he had ‘slap cheek’ which until now iv never heard of. the doctor told me to allow him to have calpol if he had a temperature and to make sure he had plenty of fluids but not to keep him off school as that’s where he most likely caught it from. I understand the concerns of other people on this page but after reading up on a few different sites its contagious even before the redness/rash appears on the face so you don’t even realise you have it. I personally shall be keeping him off school for a few days to keep my eye on him but some people who take a doctors word and don’t judge a situation for themselves then that child would be sent in. also the school is at fault as if that child is to be found to have something contagious then the school should have a policy in place of what illness’s children are/ are not allowed in school with and for how long.

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Mungojerry said on 07 May 2013

The schools my children have been attending over the past ten years have always posted information notices when a case of slapped cheek was present at school. It seems like good practice. I too had never heard of it before having my own kids. Keeping the affected kids off school of course does not stop the spread or reduce the risk to others due to the earlier infective period. My youngest has now probably got the disease (hence being on this page) and she will be kept off until afebrile – but only for her good rather than to reduce spread. I agree that schools have a duty to inform. The NHS could develop public health to take a greater part in just-in-time education but in a recession when public services cuts are so harsh it is difficult to see that there will be any funding for expanding this area. This website is one of the great ways the public can get the information they need.

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jlt23 said on 17 March 2013

I have read the comments and feel that I have to tell you of my experience of slapped cheek. Especially noting ‘Themanwhoknows’ comments.
I have just returned from a week in hospital with my twins. They have a blood disorder that reacts to parvovirus. My daughter was given 20 minutes after being taken to hospital, my son luckily was caught early enough. Both had life saving transfusions.
Schools need to be aware that there are blood conditions which if are in contact with this virus, are life threatening.
If your child has slapped cheek please keep them at home until well. I almost lost my twins last week.
Perspective?

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susieu said on 09 March 2013

I was exposed to slapped cheek when I was 19-22 weeks pregnant by a friend’s little boy. I got a blood test and called the receptionist to find out results after 5 days- she said the results came back ‘normal- no further follow up’.
Does anyone know what ‘normal’ means? does this mean the blood test detected immunity? (I asked but she didn’t know and I can’t get an appointment with a doctor for another week!)
If it’s no further follow up because they think I’m over 20 weeks (I’m 23 wks now), then I still want it to be followed up if I’m not immune!
Has anyone else had this blood test and knows what normal means please???
It’s a 50% chance of being immune so either way could be classed as ‘normal’ really lol…I’m trying to stay on the bright side and think abnormal would mean something bad so this must be good right??

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Themanwhoknows said on 19 January 2013

My wife is a pregnant school teacher. One of her pupils contracted slap cheek. We read the below and panicked. The experiences outlined here are truly awful and I am truly sorry to the people effected. However to bring some perspective;
1) the vast majority of adults have immunity already.
2) Teachers have super immune systems due to coping with the vast array of childhood illness brought into the classroom daily.
3) Even if a pupil has slap cheek you are not automatically get it yourself.
4) If you are very unfortunate to contract it your immune system is highly capable of protecting your unborn baby.
5) Even in the unlikely event that it is passed to the baby only in very rare cases does it cause serious complications to the baby.
For peace of mind, you can if you like, go for a blood test, we did. Three anxious days later my wife was found to have the necessary antibodies and all is well. So please keep things in perspective, don’t stress your baby unduly, the odds are stacked at everything being perfectly alright.

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PatiAnthony said on 25 November 2011

This seems to be quite a common virus, and our second son has now caught it going on the diagnosis. He did not, however, have a high temperature, and has had vomiting post the red-cheek phase. I am wondering if this is common?

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emma o said on 25 June 2011

hi i had parvovirous in pregnancy at 20 wks i had scans every wk and at 39 wks had a emergancy c section due to lack of movements. my daughter has had problems since and altho she is nearly 3 yrs old she is not walking and she has abtomalaties on right side of her brain and now has epalepsy sorry cant spell. so shes now on anti fittness drugs for life. even tho shes behind and cant walk i wouldnt change her for anything she is the most lovely gorgeous little girl.

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Megzo said on 26 January 2011

I am a secondary school teacher. Yesterday, I got a call from my headmaster to let me know that one of my pupils caught a virus which is harmful for pregnant women: Parvovirus.The pupil normally sits in front of me and I worked with her the day before the phone call. I was advised to contact my GP, which I did. I am going to be tested tomorrow. I hope that the stats will be on my side. I am 9 weeks pregnant and this is my first baby… I was told not to worry about it, everything will be fine. But, how is this possible? Of course, I am worried !!!

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Mam of Three said on 21 January 2011

I agree with yellowjewel999. My baby died at 19 weeks and 4 days because I caught this virus as a school teacher. I felt unwell at 16 weeks, went to the doctors twice, to be told I had ‘a virus’. My school had confirmed cases, knew the risks, yet I was not told about them-they were not in my class! I feel let down that this virus is played down by health professionals. In 7 years of teaching I hadn’t heard of it! It is a known risk and a common virus! 3-10% of pregnancies, under 20 weeks can die! Please raise awareness, if you know anyone who is pregnant, please inform of the dangers and get test to check immunity. My perfect baby girl died.

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yellowjewel999 said on 03 January 2011

Why aren’t pregnant women routinely told about this???!!! There is no mention of it in my pregnancy book, my antenatal notes or blood test records and my midwives have never mentioned it to me. Nobody I know has ever even heard of this illness because nobody is ever informed of it! Something is clearly amiss in NHS practice and in public health policy!

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chrisandpam said on 15 December 2010

Very clear explanation of a virus I had never previously heard of until my grand-daughter was diagnosed

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Looking after a sick child

How to look after a sick child, including dealing with minor accidents and getting expert help

Medicines for children

Not all medicines are suitable for children. What to use to treat your sick child

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Erythema infectiosum

Symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome

The symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome usually begin in the first couple of weeks after your child is exposed to the parvovirus B19 virus.

The initial symptoms are flu-like, and usually last a few days. They include:

  • a high temperature (fever) of 38C (100.4F), although your child’s temperature will not usually rise above 38.5C (101F)
  • sore throat
  • headache
  • upset stomach
  • feeling tired
  • itchy skin
  • joint pain

In around 20-30% of cases these symptoms do not occur, or are so mild as to be barely noticeable.

Your child will be most contagious during these initial symptoms.

After this stage, there is usually a period of around seven to 10 days without any further symptoms. This tends to be followed by a rash which occurs in three distinct stages.

First stage

Around 75% of children will develop a bright red rash on both cheeks (the so-called “slapped cheeks”). 

The rash may be particularly noticeable in bright sunlight and usually fades over two to four days.

Second stage

One to four days after the appearance of the “slapped cheek” rash, a light pink rash usually appears on your child’s chest, stomach, arms and thighs. This rash often has a raised, lace-like appearance and may cause discomfort and itching.

By this time, your child should no longer be contagious and they will be able to return to nursery or school without the risk of passing the infection onto others.

The rash should then pass after a few days.

Third stage

In some cases, the rash can continue to fade, then re-appear, for weeks after the infection has passed.

The re-appearance of the rash is usually triggered by exercise, or if your child is hot, anxious or stressed.

Parvovirus B19 infection in adults

The most common symptom of a parvovirus B19 infection in adults is joint pain and stiffness in your:

  • hands
  • knees
  • wrists
  • ankles

Other flu-like symptoms, such as developing a fever and sore throat, are also more common in adults than in children. 

Less than 50% of adults will develop a rash. This means a diagnosis of slapped cheek syndrome may be missed at first as the symptoms are often mistaken for arthritis or joint damage.

If there is doubt over a diagnosis, you may have a blood test to check the antibodies that your body produces as a response to infection. The results of this test will confirm a diagnosis.

In most people, the symptoms of a parvovirus B19 infection will pass within one to three weeks, although some adults will experience recurring episodes of joint pain and stiffness for days or months afterwards.

When to seek medical advice

Slapped cheek syndrome in children and parvovirus B19 infection in adults is usually mild and the infection should clear up without treatment.

When to seek urgent medical advice

People who are in the risk groups listed below are advised to contact their GP as soon as possible if they think they have developed a parvovirus B19 infection. If this is not possible, contact your local out-of-hours service or call NHS 111.

  • pregnant women
  • people with a condition known to cause chronic anaemia, such as sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia and hereditary spherocytosis (an uncommon genetic condition that causes red blood cells to have a much shorter life span than normal)
  • people with a weakened immune system as a result of a condition such as HIV or acute leukaemia
  • people having treatments known to weaken the immune system, such as chemotherapy or steroid medication

You may also have a weakened immune system if you’re taking medication to suppress your immune system because you’ve recently received a bone marrow transplant or organ donation.

Published Date
2014-07-09 23:27:06Z
Last Review Date
2014-01-29 00:00:00Z
Next Review Date
2016-01-29 00:00:00Z
Classification
Fever,Joint pain,Slapped cheek syndrome


NHS Choices Syndication

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Erythema infectiosum

Treating slapped cheek syndrome

There is no vaccination for slapped cheek syndrome. For most people, the infection is usually a mild illness, which quickly passes without the need for treatment.

There are various self-care techniques that you can use to help relieve symptoms. These are explained below.

  • Painkillers, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, can be used to relieve symptoms, such as a high temperature, headache and joint pain. Children aged 16 or under should not take aspirin.
  • Antihistamines can be used to relieve the symptoms of itchy skin. Some antihistamines are not suitable for children younger than two, so check with your pharmacist beforehand.
  • Another way to soothe itchy skin is to use an emollient (moisturising lotion).
  • Make sure that you (or your child) get plenty of rest and drink plenty of fluids as this will help to relieve the symptoms of sore throat and a high temperature.
  • Adults who develop joint pain can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen.

Published Date
2014-01-30 10:11:31Z
Last Review Date
2014-01-29 00:00:00Z
Next Review Date
2016-01-29 00:00:00Z
Classification
Antihistamines,Fever,Ibuprofen,Joint pain,Painkillers,Paracetamol,Slapped cheek syndrome

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